Diferenciação automática adjunta para o erro quadrático médio envolvendo expetações

This dissertation will have as an objective, explain how to calculate gradients of Mean Squared Error, (...), since it's applied in calibration methods of stochastic models, using the Automatic Adjoint Differentation and parallelization. With the involviment of mean values, the application of the Monte-Carlo Simulation will be needed to approximate possible expected values as well as, distinct and appropriate estimation methods for the computation of its correspondents partial derivaties. Therefore, in this document, will be initialized with the introduction of certain concepts needed, like the Automatic Adjoint Differentiation, the Monte-Carlo Simulation, as well as, Call Options of European Options since, will be used, for a pratical case, a simple stochastic model of European Call Options applying the differentiation for a certain group of parameters. Finally, such concepts introduzed previously, will be applied for the primary objective, analizing the theoretical and pratical results from which you can withdraw with the different estimation methods applied.Esta dissertação terá como objetivo, explicar como calcular gradientes do Erro Quadrático Médio, (...), uma vez que é aplicado em métodos de calibração de modelos estocásticos, utilizando a Diferenciação Automática Adjunta e computação em paralelo. Com o envolvimento de valores médios, a aplicação da Simulação de Monte- Carlo será necessária para aproximação de possíveis valores esperados tal como, métodos de estimação distintos e apropriados para a computação das suas derivadas parciais correspondentes. Por conseguinte, neste documento, será inicializado com a introdução de certos conceitos necessários, como a Diferenciação Automática Adjunta, Simulação de Monte-Carlo, assim como, Call Options de Opções Europeias uma vez que, será utilizado, para um caso prático, um modelo estocástico simples de Call Options europeias aplicando a diferenciação para um certo conjunto de parâmetros. Por fim, tais conceitos introduzidos previamente, serão aplicados para o objetivo principal, analisando os resultados teóricos e práticos de que se pode retirar com os diferentes métodos de estimação aplicados.Mestrado em Matemática e Aplicaçõe

Relative importance of driving force and electrostatic interactions in the reduction of multihaem cytochromes by small molecules

AbstractMultihaem cytochromes are essential to the energetics of organisms capable of bioremediation and energy production. The haems in several of these cytochromes have been discriminated thermodynamically and their individual rates of reduction by small electron donors were characterized. The kinetic characterization of individual haems used the Marcus theory of electron transfer and assumed that the rates of reduction of each haem by sodium dithionite depend only on the driving force, while electrostatic interactions were neglected. To determine the relative importance of these factors in controlling the rates, we studied the effect of ionic strength on the redox potential and the rate of reduction by dithionite of native Methylophilus methylotrophus cytochrome c″ and three mutants at different pH values. We found that the main factor determining the rate is the driving force and that Marcus theory describes this satisfactorily. This validates the method of the simultaneous fitting of kinetic and thermodynamic data in multihaem cytochromes and opens the way for further investigation into the mechanisms of these proteins

Eco-eficiência na indústria extractiva :caso da António Galego e Filhos

Comparar o Valor sustentável dos engenhos mais antigos (Simec e Mapor) com os recentemente adquiridos (Pedrini

Cdkn2a inactivation promotes malignant transformation of mouse immature thymocytes before the β-selection checkpoint

CDKN2A deletion is the most frequent genetic alteration in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), occurring across all molecular and immunophenotypic subtypes. CDKN2A encodes two functionally unrelated tumor suppressor proteins, ARF and INK4a, which are critical regulators of cell cycle and proliferation. Arf has been reported to suppress T-ALL development in post−b-selection thymocytes, but whether CDKN2A acts as a tumor suppressor gene in immature, pre−b-selection thymocytes remains to be elucidated. Resorting to a Rag2-deficient model of T-ALL, driven by the ETV6:: JAK2 fusion, we report that Cdkn2a haploinsufficiency at early stages of T-cell development facilitates leukemia developmentPPBI-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022122; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007274; NORTE01-0145-FEDER-000029info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impact of phlorotannin extracts from fucus vesiculosus on human gut microbiota

Recent studies indicate that plant polyphenols could be pointed as potential prebiotic candidates since they may interact with the gut microbiota, stimulating its growth and the production of metabolites. However, little is known about the fate of brown seaweeds’ phlorotannins during their passage throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This work aimed to evaluate the stability and bioaccessibility of Fucus vesiculosus phlorotannins after being submitted to a simulated digestive process, as well as their possible modulatory effects on gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids production following a fermentation procedure using fecal inoculates to mimic the conditions of the large intestine. The stability of phlorotannins throughout the gastrointestinal tract was reduced, with a bioaccessibility index between 2 and 14%. Moreover, slight alterations in the growth of certain commensal bacteria were noticed, with Enterococcus spp. being the most enhanced group. Likewise, F. vesiculosus phlorotannins displayed striking capacity to enhance the levels of propionate and butyrate, which are two important short-chain fatty acids known for their role in intestinal homeostasis. In summary, this work provides valuable information regarding the behavior of F. vesiculosus phlorotannins along the gastrointestinal tract, presenting clear evidence that these compounds can positively contribute to the maintenance of a healthy gastrointestinal condition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Renormalization and Quantum Scaling of Frenkel-Kontorova Models

We generalise the classical Transition by Breaking of Analyticity for the class of Frenkel-Kontorova models studied by Aubry and others to non-zero Planck's constant and temperature. This analysis is based on the study of a renormalization operator for the case of irrational mean spacing using Feynman's functional integral approach. We show how existing classical results extend to the quantum regime. In particular we extend MacKay's renormalization approach for the classical statistical mechanics to deduce scaling of low frequency effects and quantum effects. Our approach extends the phenomenon of hierarchical melting studied by Vallet, Schilling and Aubry to the quantum regime.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, submitted to J.Stat.Phy

Competências pessoais e sociais dos estudantes do ensino superior

Introduction and aims: In order to contribute to the students’ global and harmonious development seems vital to promote various personal and social skills. In this way, the aims of this study are to evaluate the personal and social skills of students in higher education and determine if the age and gender are predictive of the personal and social skills. Methodology: This correlational study was carried out on a sample of 284 students, 79.0% (226) are female and 18.9% (54) males with a mean age of 21.8 (SD = 4.3) and mostly single (93.7%). During 2009, they were administered a questionnaire comprising four instruments: Demographic data, Global Self-Esteem Evaluation Scale, Cooperation Assessment and I Resilient Evaluation (Jardim & Pereira, 2006). For the collection of data it was requested the authorization to the higher schools’ chairman and the respondents’ informed consent. Results: The results evidence that students on average have a good self-esteem (mean = 30.3, SD = 4.2) desire to work cooperatively (mean = 35.4, SD = 4.0) and good ability to develop knowledge, attitudes and skills to prevent, minimize or overcome the harmful effects of crises and adversity (mean = 58.3, SD = 5.2). There were no statistically significant differences between the various skills and the students’ age and gender

Co-creation, innovation, decision-making, tech-transfer, and sustainability actions

Funding Information: Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN (b-on). This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 program [H2020-SC5-2019–2]—869520 NextLand, [H2020-SPACE-202]—101004362 NextOcean, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UIDB/00124/2020 and Social Sciences DataLab, PINFRA/22209/2016), POR Lisboa and POR Norte (Social Sciences DataLab, PINFRA/22209/2016). Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s).European Community (EC) Horizon-funded projects and Earth Observation-based Consortia aim to create sustainable value for Space, Land, and Oceans. They typically focus on addressing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Many of these projects (e.g. Commercialization and Innovation Actions) have an ambitious challenge to ensure that partners share core competencies to simultaneously achieve technological and commercial success and sustainability after the end of the EC funds. To achieve this ambitious challenge, Horizon projects must have a proper governance model and a systematized process that can manage the existing paradoxical tensions involving numerous European partners and their respective agendas and stakeholders. This article presents the VCW-Value Creation Wheel (Lages in J Bus Res 69: 4849–4855, 2016), as a framework that has its roots back in 1995 and has been used since 2015 in the context of numerous Space Business, Earth Observation, and European Community (EC) projects, to address complex problems and paradoxical tensions. In this article, we discuss six of these paradoxical tensions that large Horizon Consortia face in commercialization, namely when managing innovation ecosystems, co-creating, taking digitalization, decision-making, tech-transfer, and sustainability actions. We discuss and evaluate how alliance partners could find the optimal balance between (1) cooperation, competition, and coopetition perspectives; (2) financial, environmental, and social value creation; (3) tech-push and market-pull orientations; (4) global and local market solutions; (5) functionality driven and human-centered design (UX/UI); (6) centralized and decentralized online store approaches. We discuss these challenges within the case of the EC H2020 NextLand project answering the call for greening the economy in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We analyze NextLand Online Store, and its Business and Innovation Ecosystem while considering the input of its different stakeholders, such as NextLand’s commercial team, service providers, users, advisors, EC referees, and internal and external stakeholders. Preliminary insights from a twin project in the field of Blue Economy (EC H2020 NextOcean), are also used to support our arguments. Partners, referees, and EC officers should address the tensions mentioned in this article during the referee and approval processes in the pre-grant and post-grant agreement stages. Moreover, we propose using the Value Creation Wheel (VCW) method and the VCW meta-framework as a systematized process that allows us to co-create and manage the innovation ecosystem while engaging all the stakeholders and presenting solutions to address these tensions. The article concludes with theoretical implications and limitations, managerial and public policy implications, and lessons for Horizon Europe, earth observation, remote sensing, and space business projects.publishersversionpublishe